Patient's question:
It's just that the intelligence is worse than that of ordinary children. Development is relatively late, not very good at speaking, simple things can be understood, the onset time and cause is that they like to be unreasonable and troublesome.Doctor's answer:
Analysis of the condition: Trisomy 21 syndrome, also known as Down syndrome (DS) or congenital idiocy (OMIM#190685), is a disease caused by chromosomal structural abnormalities. The karyotype of patients is 47,XX(XY),+21, which is produced due to the failure of chromosome 21 to separate during oogenesis, forming an abnormal egg. The formation of Trisomy 21 is associated with advanced maternal age (35 years and older) and very young age (under 20), and it has also been reported to be related to older paternal age.General characteristics of DS:
1. Syndrome
2. Mostly sporadic and new cases
3. Consistent in monozygotic twins
4. Male patients are infertile, while very few female patients can bear children
5. The incidence of the disease in girls increases with maternal age, especially when the mother is over 35
6. Patients have a shorter life expectancy, and by middle age, their brains show amyloid plaques, similar to those in Alzheimer's disease (senile dementia), accompanied by dementia symptoms; immune deficiencies and congenital heart disease also increase, and treatment with antibiotics and cardiac surgery can extend life expectancy
7. Variable expression of phenotypic features
8. A 20-fold increase in mortality from acute leukemia
Clinical features: Strabismus, palatal narrowing, hyperactivity, etc. There are 19 listed in the book, with varying probabilities.
Recommendations: There is essentially no specific treatment for Down syndrome infants. Decades ago, when circulatory complications could not be surgically treated, the average life expectancy was around 20 years. Now, if the associated deformities are treated early, patients can maintain a healthy state, and the average life expectancy has increased to around 50 years. Additionally, early nurturing and care can help with patient development. If treatment is insisted upon, refer to methods for mild intellectual disability, though the effectiveness is limited!