What are the differences between ADHD and Tourette Syndrome?

Patient's question:

Dabao has been hyperactive recently. How can one distinguish ADHD from Tourette syndrome with epilepsy?

Doctor's answer:

Tics
It is a type of tic disorder, characterized by rapid, repetitive, simple, or complex muscle contractions. The main manifestations include: starting from the eye and facial muscles, such as blinking, shaking the head, squinting, followed by shrugging shoulders, swinging arms, kicking legs, bulging abdomen, twisting limbs and torso, and vocalizations. In severe cases, it may involve profane speech. These movements recur repeatedly and are uncontrollable. If left untreated or misdiagnosed, they tend to worsen progressively, leading to psychological disorders, secondary mental abnormalities, obsessive-compulsive disorder, or even violent or suicidal behavior. Generally, it cannot be self-cured.