What are the differences between a ventricular septal defect and an atrial septal defect?

Patient's question:

What are the differences between ventricular septal defect and atrial septal defect?

Doctor's answer:

Atrial septal defect and ventricular septal defect are different conditions, but both are types of congenital heart disease, which can be alleviated through surgery. Generally, the symptoms of atrial septal defect are relatively mild. However, due to the larger pressure difference between the ventricles, the septal scar is prone to causing shunting, leading to recurrent symptoms of choking. Generally, the septal scar requires active intervention.

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