What is the use of penicillin for acute nephritis?

Patient's question:

Recently, my appetite has been poor, and I've also noticed some swelling in my body. I feel completely exhausted. When I went to the hospital for a check-up, they said it was kidney disease. Could you please tell me what the use of penicillin is for acute nephritis?

Doctor's answer:

Recurrent acute nephritis is generally preceded by prodromal symptoms, such as colds or infections, typically occurring within 2 weeks of the initial episode. Subsequently, a secondary kidney infection often arises, primarily caused by Streptococcus pyogenes (Group A Streptococcus). Streptococcus pyogenes is treated with antibiotics such as penicillin or cephalosporins to eliminate the bacteria and promote full recovery.

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