What are the symptoms of renal vascular hypertension?

Patient's question:

Doctor, what are the clinical manifestations of renal vascular hypertension? On Wikipedia, there's a bunch of stuff I don't understand, and I can't find anything that says what the symptoms are?

Doctor's answer:

Renal vascular hypertension is a secondary form of hypertension. It primarily results from renal artery stenosis leading to increased blood flow to the kidneys, which can activate the renin-angiotensin system, causing a decrease in blood pressure and heart failure. The clinical manifestations are mainly those of hypertension, including the recurrence of difficult-to-control high blood pressure. However, renal vascular hypertension cannot be diagnosed solely based on clinical manifestations. A clear renal angiography is required for a definitive diagnosis. The main causes of renal artery hypertension include atherosclerosis, fibromuscular dysplasia, giant cell arteritis, and others. It is necessary to improve relevant examinations and clearly and standardizedly use antihypertensive medications.

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