What factors induce uremia?

Patient's question:

My friend has been urinating frequently in recent days, experiencing lower abdominal bloating and pain with a feeling of incomplete urination, and severe pain at the end of urination. Drinking more water helps a little. They visited the hospital, and currently, it is suspected to be uremia. Hello, how does uremia occur?

Doctor's answer:

The onset of uremia is caused by patients suffering from various kidney diseases, which progress to an uncontrollable stage, leading to a continuous decline in kidney function. When the serum creatinine level rises to 707 micromoles per liter or the creatinine clearance rate falls below 10 milliliters per minute, the patient enters the uremic stage. The causes of uremia can include glomerular diseases, such as chronic glomerulonephritis. Diabetic nephropathy is the second leading cause of uremia in China. Poorly controlled hypertension can lead to kidney damage over a long period, resulting in glomerular sclerosis and ultimately uremia, which is currently the third leading cause.

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