Child has an inguinal hernia, what precautions should be taken during surgery?

Patient's question:

Patient: Male, 7 years old, previously in good health
Condition:
When the child coughs, cries, or strains during breathing, the lower abdomen becomes enlarged

Doctor's answer:

Hernia refers to a condition where a part of human tissue or organ detaches from its original position and moves into another area through gaps, defects, or weak points in the body. Commonly known as "small intestine" (a colloquial term), hernias include umbilical hernias, inguinal direct hernias, inguinal indirect hernias, incisional hernias, recurrent hernias after surgery, white line hernias, and femoral hernias, among others. Hernias are often caused by factors such as coughing, sneezing, excessive strain, abdominal obesity, strained bowel movements, pregnancy in women, excessive crying in children, and degenerative changes in the abdominal wall strength in the elderly. Of course, in the early stages, when the hernia is small, causes minimal discomfort, and has not become incarcerated, it can be treated conservatively with a hernia belt. However, this method does not provide a fundamental cure for hernias. Currently, surgery is the only effective method to cure hernias in adults.