Freeze-drying (Second Edition of the Original Work)

Author: [German] G.-W. Oetjen, [German] Ha...
Publisher:
Publish Date: 2005-04-01
Features: Many modern pharmaceuticals and bioproducts, such as blood derivatives, vaccines, cell arrest agents, antibiotics, bacterial cultures, as well as some consumer goods like instant coffee, are transformed through freeze-drying into a form that can be preserved long-term while retaining nearly their original state upon rehydration without quality loss. This book describes the fundamental theory of freeze-drying today. It not only introduces the entire process of freeze-drying theoretically (comprising seven stages) but also explains each stage in detail with numerous examples. Based on years of practical experience in freeze-drying, the authors provide useful criteria for selecting laboratory and production equipment, discussing the advantages, disadvantages, and limitations of different equipment designs. In the second edition (revised and enhanced), the authors dedicate a separate section to the automation of freeze-drying processes and equipment, as well as how to convert test equipment conditions and process parameters into product parameters. They have updated and expanded the qualification guidelines for freeze-drying processes and equipment, with a dedicated section on troubleshooting. Nearly 100 references from 2002 have been newly cited, and 100 additional figures and tables have been added.