What is the definition of excessive foreskin?

Patient's question:

Please let me ask, what criteria are used to determine if someone has excessive foreskin? I am 20 years old, and when erect, only a small tip is visible, unable to fully expose it. Does this count as excessive foreskin? Do I need surgery? Also, what length of penis is considered normal? Mine is only about 12-13 centimeters, and I've heard it might be a bit short. Are there any medications that can help with this?

Doctor's answer:

Penile phimosis refers to a condition where the foreskin covers the urethral meatus but can be retracted to expose the urethral meatus and glans penis. This condition is related to genetics and can be classified as either true phimosis or false phimosis. Patients with phimosis should undergo surgical treatment at an early stage. For non-inflammatory phimosis, it is not necessarily required to undergo surgery as long as the foreskin is regularly retracted and cleaned.
Phimosis can be classified as either true phimosis or false phimosis. True phimosis is when the glans penis cannot be fully exposed even after erection. False phimosis refers to a condition where the glans penis cannot be fully exposed in the flaccid state but can be fully exposed after erection.

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