Detailed Explanation of the Twelve Dynasties in the Qing Dynasty. Latest Illustrated Text (Set of Two Volumes)

Author: Zhuge Wen
Publisher:
Publish Date: 2005-04-01
Features: The history of China is both ancient and long, with numerous dynasties. After thousands of years of feudal rule, it finally came to an end with the Qing Dynasty. The Qing Dynasty was the last feudal dynasty established by the Manchu people. In 1616, Nurhaci, the founder of the Qing Dynasty, finally conquered the Jianzhou Jurchen tribes and established the Later Jin regime. From then on, he began to challenge the declining Ming Dynasty. In 1644, the Qing forces entered the Central Plains with unstoppable momentum, marking the beginning of the Qing Dynasty's rule. If we count from the founder Nurhaci to 1912, the last year of the Xuantong reign when Emperor Puyi abdicated, the Qing Dynasty lasted for over three hundred years, with a total of twelve emperors. Many people know Nurhaci and Hong Taiji, but few understand how Hong Taiji established the Qing Dynasty on the foundation of the Later Jin regime personally built by Nurhaci. Moreover, few know how Nurhaci, with only thirteen sets of armor, rose in rebellion against the Ming Dynasty and established the Later Jin regime. Therefore, the actual founder of the Qing Dynasty was Nurhaci. It was Nurhaci's wisdom and bravery that enabled the Jurchen people, a minority ethnic group, to rise rapidly. Hong Taiji further developed this legacy and changed the state's name to Qing, opening a new chapter in Chinese history. Hong Taiji also became the only emperor in the Qing Dynasty to have two reign names, which is why historians still debate whether the Qing Dynasty had "twelve courts" or "thirteen courts" until today. However, whether it was "twelve courts" or "thirteen courts," it remains just one interpretation and does not hinder readers from understanding the history of the Qing Dynasty. During the Qing Dynasty, Chinese feudal centralized rule reached its peak, with countless major historical events and a complex web of historical figures. The early rulers of the Qing Dynasty worked tirelessly to bring about the prosperity of the "Kang-Qian Golden Age." However, as the saying goes, "what goes up must come down." Although the rulers of the late Qing Dynasty tried to restore their former glory, they ultimately lacked the means to turn things around.