Financial Instruments: A Comprehensive Guide to Accounting and Financial Reporting

Author: Leslie F. Sedman (USA)
Publisher:
Publish Date: 2004-01-01
Features: Implementation guidance for present value method
The present value amount should be based on an estimate of the expected future cash flows of the impaired loan, discounted at the loan's effective interest rate.
· The cash flow estimates: The estimates of expected future cash flows should be the creditor's best estimate based on reasonable and supportable assumptions and projections. All available evidence should be considered in developing the estimate of expected future cash flows. The weight given to the evidence should be commensurate with the extent to which it can be verified objectively. If creditors estimate a range for either the amount or timing of possible cash flows, the likelihood of the possible outcomes must be considered in determining the best estimate of expected future cash flows. (FAS-114, par. 15)
· The discount rate: The expected future cash flows should be discounted using the effective interest rate of the loan. The effective interest rate is the rate of return implicit in the loan (that is, the contractual interest rate adjusted for any net deferred loan fees or costs, premium, or discount existing at the origination or acquisition of the loan and any subsequent adjustments relating to fair value hedge accounting under FAS-133). (DIGF-4)
——The effective interest rate for a loan restructured in a troubled debt restructuring is based on the original contractual rate, not the rates specified in the restructuring agreement. (FAS-114, par. 14)
——The effective rate for a purchased loan is the rate that equates the investor's estimate of the loan's future cash flows with the purchase price of the loan. (FAS-114, fn. 3)
· Variable interest rates: If the loan's stated interest rate varies based on subsequent changes in an independent factor, such as an index or rate (for example, the prime rate, the London interbank offered rate (LIBOR), or the U.S. Treasury bill weekly average), that loan's effective interest rate may