From a closed world to an infinite universe

Author: Alexander Kojève
Publisher: Commercial Press
Publication Date: 2005-03-01
Features: In this scientific and philosophical revolution, the concept of a "finite, closed, and hierarchically ordered whole world" disappeared, replaced by the idea of an unbounded or even infinite universe. This universe is governed by the same homogeneous fundamental components and laws, with all components placed on the same level of existence. This means that scientific thought abandoned all considerations based on value concepts, such as perfection, harmony, meaning, and purpose. Afterward, existence became completely detached from value, with the value world and the factual world completely separated. Kojève interprets this revolution through the lens of humanity's cosmology and the shift in humanity's position within the universe, revealing the profound impact of this revolution on the modern world.