A Brief Introduction to Chinese Folk Literature (Revised Edition)

Author: Duan Baolin (Compiler)
Publisher:
Publish Date: 2002-07-01
Features: Folk literature is a form of literature that arises and circulates among the masses. In a class-based society, folk literature is created and disseminated by the broad masses of the people (primarily the working class). Folk literature is a living language art created and transmitted by the masses using oral language. We can define folk literature as a language art that is created orally and passed down from mouth to ear by the masses (primarily the working class). It is both an expression of the people's lives, thoughts, and emotions and a summary of their knowledge of science, religion, and other aspects of life. It is also a reflection of their aesthetic concepts and artistic tastes.
One of the distinct features of folk literature is that it is literature created and disseminated directly by the masses themselves. It is a collective creation passed down through generations, and therefore, at all times, its selection and direction are in the hands of the broad masses. It is a direct reflection of their lives, psychology, will, ideals, and interests. It is often closely tied to their material needs, customs, rituals, and beliefs, serving as both a tool for argumentation and a means of self-entertainment.
Oral tradition is the fundamental method of creation and dissemination of folk literature. Over long historical development, it has formed its own set of genres, including myths, legends, stories, ballads, proverbs, riddles, epics, narrative poems, folk dramas, and parts of narrative and recitative literature.
...Collectivity and orality are its essential characteristics. Folk literature can be broadly divided into three levels in terms of genre:
1. Core Level: Ballads, myths, legends, and stories
2. Intermediate Level: Proverbs, riddles, and folk dramas
3. Peripheral Level: Folk narrative and recitative, epics, and narrative poems