What should I do if the left testicle is swollen?

Patient's question:

I had varicocele surgery 3 years ago last night. It was on the left side. Now the left testicle is obviously twice the size of the right testicle. What should I do about the swelling in the left testicle?

Doctor's answer:

Testicular swelling and pain are commonly associated with the following conditions:
First, testicular torsion, characterized by a heavy, painful sensation in the testicle without fever.
Second, acute epididymitis and orchitis, primarily testicular swelling and pain, with redness and swelling of the scrotum, accompanied by fever and urinary discomfort.
Third, varicocele, more common in young males, with a slow onset, mainly a heavy, painful sensation in the left testicle, which may radiate to the groin in some cases. The discomfort is usually tolerable. The above three conditions require ultrasound examination for confirmation.
Fourth, chronic prostatitis, primarily a heavy, uncomfortable sensation in the perineum and scrotum, which can be confirmed through routine prostatic fluid analysis.

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