What are the causes of balanitis?

Patient's question:

Last night, my colleague Xiao Zhang called me in the middle of the night, and later stayed at my place. It was because he argued with his boyfriend, who had balanoposthitis. Xiao Zhang reportedly got balanoposthitis because of promiscuous sex, so he argued with his boyfriend and came to my place. He wanted to ask what the cause of balanoposthitis is.

Doctor's answer:

Phimosis and balanitis can be infectious or non-infectious. In clinical diagnosis, infectious balanitis is more common. Infectious cases are often caused by unprotected sexual contact, transmitting Candida albicans, trichomoniasis, chlamydia, mycoplasma, diplococci, or other bacteria. Non-infectious factors are usually due to excessive foreskin, inadequate hygiene, or the accumulation of unclean substances between the foreskin and glans, known as smegma, which can irritate the local foreskin and mucosa, leading to recurrent inflammation.

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