How to distinguish between a sexually transmitted disease and balanitis

Patient's question:

Male, 21 years old. Doctor, I’ve noticed some white, bubble-like spots on my glans over the past half month. Besides the red bumps. There’s also a red patch (with a few tiny white bubble-sized sores that broke after washing the private area, see the picture for details). The broken skin is near the urethral opening, which is very bothersome. My glans doesn’t hurt or itch, and I’m not sure what’s going on. Could you please look at the picture and tell me what the issue is? What medicine should I take to treat it? Thank you. I’m very worried it might be a sexually transmitted disease (I had sexual activity on April 6th). Could it be HIV, herpes, syphilis, gonorrhea, genital warts, or something else? I’m very anxious.

Doctor's answer:

According to the situation you mentioned, this depends on the specific sexual behavior you engaged in. If you did not use a condom during sexual activity, this could potentially lead to the contraction of a sexually transmitted disease (STD), such as genital warts. The symptoms may spread rapidly, so it would be a good idea to monitor the situation for a while. If you did use a condom, then this would certainly not be an STD, and there is no need to worry—it is just balanitis. Balanitis tends to be recurrent, requiring long-term medication for management. For male patients, it is important to actively seek treatment at a professional and reputable hospital. Treatment should be considered based on the results of a thorough examination. Additionally, it is advisable to abstain from sexual activity and maintain a positive mood.

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