Civil Trial Handbook

Author: Compiled by China Legal Publishing House
Publisher:
Publish Date: 2002-09-01
Features: This institutional reform has strengthened the self-supervision mechanism within the Supreme People's Court's judicial institutions. New divisions, the Case Filing Division and the Division, have been established to respectively specialize in the case filing of all types of cases within the court and the retrial of criminal and civil cases. Additionally, the existing enforcement division has been retained, establishing a "three divisions" mechanism of filing-judging separation, judging-supervision separation, and judging-enforcement separation. This fundamentally addresses the past drawbacks of some judicial divisions conducting self-judgment and self-supervision. In 2000, the institutional reform of the Supreme People's Court improved China's three major judicial systems—criminal, civil, and administrative—and established a large civil trial framework. In line with the development needs of the socialist market economy system and the new situation of reform and opening-up after China's accession to the World Trade Organization, the settings and functions of the original civil divisions, economic divisions, intellectual property divisions, transportation divisions, and other judicial institutions were adjusted according to international common practices. They were uniformly incorporated into the scope of civil trials and divided into four divisions based on specific functions, marking another significant step toward a modern civil trial system.