What diseases can cause testicular swelling?

Patient's question:

Today at work, a colleague told me that her son was carefully examined and found to have a swollen testicle. Because there was something important to do, she didn't explain it clearly. She is worried that her own child might have the same problem. I wanted to ask, what possible diseases could cause testicular swelling in children?

Doctor's answer:

Enlargement of the testicles in children is a common clinical diagnosis in pediatric and urological medicine. Most cases are caused by diseases such as inflammation, infection, or tumors. Since the testicles secrete male hormones and sperm, when a child's testicles are swollen, it should not be taken lightly or ignored. Otherwise, it may affect the function of the testicles and impact the child's future sexual life and fertility. It is important to take the child to a regular hospital for a follow-up visit in the pediatric or urological department, identify the cause, and actively treat the underlying condition.

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