Seeking to know what causes testicular swelling and pain?

Patient's question:

I am 22 years old and have been experiencing some pain in my testicles recently. They feel a bit hard when touched. I would like to ask what causes testicular swelling and pain? What causes testicular swelling and pain?

Doctor's answer:

The causes of testicular pain include orchitis, epididymitis, varicocele, hydrocele, chronic prostatitis, seminal vesiculitis, and disc herniation. Clinical diagnosis reveals swelling and pain in the epididymis and testis. The chronic course of symptoms makes it difficult to determine the exact location of the inflammation. The swelling and pain of the testis do not necessarily correlate with the severity of the inflammation. Some people are highly sensitive, and even mild inflammation can cause severe discomfort, while others may have a delayed perception of pain. In some patients, pain may occur during sexual contact, possibly due to the heightened congestion of the genitalia and genital glands caused by sexual arousal.

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