How should testicular torsion be treated?

Patient's question:

How is the treatment for epididymal malformation? Now I'm constantly overthinking, and I've made this disease seem extremely frightening because I don't understand it at all. My mind is always filled with anxiety, making it hard for me to eat or sleep. How should epididymal malformation be treated?

Doctor's answer:

Generally, there are no clinical diagnostic symptoms, and it is often discovered during investigations and treatments for male infertility or during orchiopexy surgery for undescended testicles. It is commonly associated with vas deferens malformations. If the epididymal malformation does not affect fertility, no treatment is necessary. Segmental epididymal self-ligation can be treated through epididymal-vas deferens anastomosis. Under a surgical microscope magnified 10 to 20 times, two methods of epididymal-vas deferens anastomosis are used. Epididymal head cysts can be treated with aspiration and anesthesia, but due to a high recurrence rate, this method is less safe and reliable than surgical approaches and is rarely used now.

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