What should I do if I have balanitis?

Patient's question:

I've noticed this condition for over two months. I didn't pay attention before and don't know how long it has been going on. My obvious symptoms are redness of the glans and foreskin, along with increased discharge. There hasn't been a recurrence of urgency or frequent urination. I previously saw a doctor and had tests twice, both of which showed Candida infection. There were no other pathogens detected, such as mycoplasma or Gram-positive bacteria. I took several courses of fluconazole orally and applied the medication prescribed by the doctor. However, the redness of the glans and foreskin still hasn't improved. After that, I switched to an external medication. I use Jieryin once a day and Daktarin twice a day, and have been using them continuously for 10 days. Now, the glans and foreskin are still very red. During these 10 days, I haven't taken any oral antifungal medication. What should I do if I have balanitis and posthitis?

Doctor's answer:

Balanoposthitis can be caused by infectious and non-infectious factors. Due to unprotected sex, it can be infected with Candida albicans, trichomonas, chlamydia, mycoplasma, and Neisseria gonorrhoeae, all of which can lead to balanoposthitis. Non-infectious factors are often due to excessive foreskin, insufficient hygiene, and the accumulation of unclean substances between the foreskin and glans, known as smegma, which can irritate the local foreskin and mucosa, causing inflammation again.

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