How should mild varicocele be treated?

Patient's question:

I have been married to my wife for many years, and we have not used any contraception, but we have never been able to get pregnant. After checking at the hospital, I learned about it. How should mild varicocele be treated?

Doctor's answer:

Varicocele refers to the expansion, tortuosity, and elongation of the pampiniform plexus (vein vascular plexus) in the spermatic cord caused by the congestion of blood flow in the spermatic veins. Varicocele can be accompanied by testicular atrophy and impaired sperm maturation, leading to male infertility.
Non-surgical treatment: For mild varicocele or cases accompanied by neurasthenia, measures such as wearing an scrotal support and applying heat compresses may be recommended.
Surgical treatment: For severe varicocele, cases with a sperm count consistently below 20 million for three consecutive times, or with testicular atrophy; or when the varicose veins disappear when lying flat, the inguinal high ligation of the spermatic vein can be performed.
There are many treatment methods for male urological diseases, but since the symptoms of patients vary, the chosen treatment methods also differ. Therefore, it is recommended that patients seek early diagnosis and treatment upon noticing symptoms.

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