What are the reasons for small testicles?

Patient's question:

I recently had pain and itching in my testicles. When I went to the hospital for a check-up, I was diagnosed with orchitis. What are the reasons for the small testicles?

Doctor's answer:

There are many reasons for small testicles: there are congenital genetic factors, as well as acquired secondary causes. Congenital factors are relatively rare. They are mostly caused by testicular germ cell dysfunction or obstruction of the spermatic ducts. Due to the inability to perform a physical examination and fully understand the condition, for further diagnosis, you should go to a private top-tier three hospital's urology and perinatal surgery department for a comprehensive and meticulous examination (such as blood tests, six sexual hormones, testicular biopsy, etc.), identify the cause, and then treat the cause accordingly.

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