Logistics company financial accounting

Author: Chen Hong
Publisher:
Publish Date: 2003-09-01
Features: This book is one of the modern logistics series textbooks, primarily focusing on logistics enterprises that result from the restructuring and transformation of commercial enterprises, material storage and transportation enterprises, as well as third-party logistics enterprises. It provides a relatively comprehensive elaboration on financial management and accounting practices from three aspects: the preparation for production and operation, the process of production and operation, and the results of production and operation of logistics enterprises. Based on the 2001 "Enterprise Accounting System" and the 1999 "New Accounting Law," as well as newly revised specific accounting standards, this book integrates the financial and accounting aspects of logistics enterprises, systematically explains the accounting treatment of economic transactions involved in logistics operations, and the preparation of financial statements. It also introduces corporate financing, investment, and forecasting.
Chapter Introduction This chapter focuses on introducing the basic concepts of financial accounting and the calculation of the time value of money. Through this chapter, students are expected to master the basic assumptions and principles of accounting; familiarize themselves with the content and relationships among the basic elements of accounting; understand the characteristics of logistics enterprise accounting; and master the calculation of the time value of money.
Section Characteristics of Financial Accounting in Logistics Enterprises
I. The Functions and Tasks of Logistics Enterprises
(1) Definition of Logistics
The term "logistics" first appeared in the United States. In 1935, the American Sales Association first defined logistics as: "Physical Distribution is the material and service included in sales, as well as the various activities that accompany the flow from the production site to the consumption location." China began to use the term "logistics" in 1979 (some believe that Sun Yat-sen advocated "trade flowing freely," which can be considered the origin of "logistics thinking" in China). In June 1979, a delegation of material workers from China attended the 3rd International Logistics Conference in Japan and, upon returning, first quoted and used the term "logistics" in their investigation reports. However, there was a brief twist at the time. The Ministry of Commerce proposed establishing "logistics centers," and some people thought the term "logistics" came from Japan, which had an air of foreign admiration, so it was changed to establishing "storage and transportation centers." In reality, storage and transportation are indeed the core of logistics, but logistics has a broader scope. Moreover, logistics is a Chinese term adopted by Japan, and as an abbreviation for "physical circulation," the term is both scientific and reasonable and easy to understand. Soon after, it was restored to "logistics center." In April 1989, the 8th International Logistics Conference was held in Beijing, making the use of the term "logistics" increasingly common.