What causes epididymitis?

Patient's question:

I had an ultrasound examination, and the doctor said the results showed no major issues, but there was mild epididymitis. So, what causes epididymitis?

Doctor's answer:

Epididymitis is often caused by pathogens such as Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus, or Streptococcus entering the epididymis through the vas deferens in reverse. Therefore, this condition is commonly secondary to posterior urethritis, prostatitis, or seminal vesiculitis, or it may recur after urethral instrumentation, leading to infection through the reverse pathway. Acute cases primarily manifest as redness, swelling, and pain in the epididymis and testis. It is recommended that you seek medical treatment promptly. The methods for treating epididymitis include the use of antibiotics, blood-activating herbs, and surgical drainage. Wishing you a speedy recovery.

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