Patient's question:
Sure, I can help with that. Please provide the content you want to be translated into English.Doctor's answer:
It is essential to have regular check-ups during pregnancy to monitor the development of the fetus. In addition to ultrasound monitoring, different tests are required at different stages of pregnancy. For example, in the early stages, blood and urine tests, electrocardiogram, liver function tests, kidney function tests, blood type determination, and tests for hepatitis B and C, syphilis, and HIV can be performed. At 24-28 weeks of pregnancy, screening for diabetes and comprehensive blood tests are conducted. At 38 weeks, blood tests, liver function tests, coagulation function tests, and electrocardiograms are necessary. Amniotic fluid tests are generally not included. Amniotic fluid tests are used in the following situations: determining fetal maturity, when ultrasound suggests fetal neural tube defects or other abnormalities, or when the's serum alpha-fetoprotein levels are abnormally high. If the is infected with certain pathogens in the early stages of pregnancy, cell genetic testing and prenatal diagnosis of congenital metabolic disorders can be performed. It is also used when there is suspicion of Rh incompatibility between the mother and fetus.