Which infections can affect fetal development

Patient's question:

No

Doctor's answer:

The reasons affecting fetal development are complex, and changes in genetic material are a significant factor leading to abnormal embryonic development, accounting for 20% to 30%. This is manifested as gene mutations and chromosomal congenital malformations. Environmental factors that influence embryonic development are numerous, mainly including:
Microbial infections: Primarily involving viral, bacterial, parasitic, and other microbial infections, with viral infections being the most common.
Physical factors: Physical factors associated with congenital malformations that have been confirmed include radiation, ionizing radiation, high temperatures, and mechanical compression injuries.
Chemical factors: Industrial "three wastes," pesticides, food additives, and preservatives all contain teratogenic factors. Chemical factors associated with congenital malformations mainly include drugs, the environment, chemical elements, and pesticides. Common heavy metals such as lead and mercury, as well as phosphorus (chlorine)-containing pesticides and benzene compounds, are prone to causing nervous system malformations and death in fetuses.
Psychological factors: Psychological stress during pregnancy has a severe impact on the growth and development of the fetal brain.