How is vaginismus caused?

Patient's question:

After cohabitation, the vagina is painful and swollen, feeling uncomfortable.

Doctor's answer:

Vaginismus is a symptom of female sexual dysfunction, primarily referring to the involuntary, intense, and persistent contraction of the vaginal and pelvic floor muscle system during sexual intercourse, which prevents an erect penis from penetrating or causes pain and discomfort at the vaginal opening or deep within the vagina during or after intercourse. The main approach should be to eliminate psychological barriers, understand the patterns of sexual knowledge, encourage both partners to actively participate in treatment, cooperate with each other, and take care of each other. It is also important to correct unhealthy sexual habits and, through emotional communication, learn to cultivate new coordinated sexual behaviors.

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