Can the detection of gynecological tumor markers directly determine the presence of cancer?

Patient's question:

Patient, female, 27 years old. Since 2006, she has experienced vaginal bleeding and bloody discharge during bowel movements and has not sought medical treatment. The condition has now worsened, and a doctor performed an ultrasound, stating that previous ultrasounds were normal and that her endocrine system and menstrual cycle are also normal. She personally suspects cervical cancer. This year, she has felt headaches, a feeling of congestion in her lungs, and swollen, painful lymph nodes. The lymph nodes have now shrunk. She is unsure if her suspicion is correct. Due to being unmarried, she has not undergone an HPV test. Recently, she had tumor markers tested: 1: CEA (Carcinoembryonic Antigen) result: 3.8 (reference range: 0-10 ng/mL), 2: CA125 (Carbohydrate Antigen 125) result: 14.32 (reference range: 0-35 U/mL), 3: CA199 (Carbohydrate Antigen 199) result: 18.92 (reference range: 0-37 U/mL).

Doctor's answer:

Hello, your tumor marker test results are all within the normal reference range, and it can basically be ruled out as cervical cancer. Don't worry, don't be nervous. Go to the gynecology department of the hospital for a detailed examination and follow the doctor's advice to take active measures. Maintain a positive and optimistic mood, participate in more sports, ensure adequate sleep time, develop good living habits, pay attention to a balanced diet, avoid picky eating and partiality, and do not eat junk food, etc. If necessary, a cervical pathological examination can be performed, which is the most accurate method for diagnosing cervical cancer. It is best to have a comprehensive physical examination every year, especially in terms of gynecology.

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