What are the causes of nipple discharge?

Patient's question:

Recently while taking a shower, I noticed that there was liquid leaking from my nipples. The liquid was serous, and it was accompanied by breast pain. Even walking would cause pain in my breasts. I am not currently breastfeeding, yet there is liquid coming out of my breasts. The pain feels similar to the breast tenderness experienced before menstruation.

Doctor's answer:

The reason for galactorrhea is the excessive secretion of prolactin in the body. It is recommended to undergo a six-item sex hormone test. The commonly used six sex hormones include Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH), Luteinizing Hormone (LH), Estradiol (E2), Progesterone (P), Testosterone (T), and Prolactin (PRL), which basically meet the clinical doctor's needs for screening endocrine disorders and gaining a general understanding of physiological functions.

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