Patient's question:
Hello doctor, I have mild candidal vaginitis, and it has recurred after a period of treatment. What kind of vaginal medication and oral medication works well? Thank you for your answer!Doctor's answer:
Hello, references: Which groups of people are prone to candidiasis? Statistics show that about 10% to 20% of healthy women have white in their vaginas. So under what circumstances do these white multiply in large numbers and become pathogenic bacteria? (1) extensive use of broad-spectrum antibiotics: usually, many bacteria live in women's vaginas, and these different colonies mutually restrict each other, forming a symbiotic state that is non-pathogenic. The extensive and long-term use of broad-spectrum antibiotics disrupts the vaginal flora, changes the mutual inhibitory effect between them, and allows white to multiply in large numbers. With the increasing use of antibiotics, the incidence of candidiasis has also increased. (2) pregnancy: during pregnancy, the body's sex hormone levels are significantly higher than usual, which increases the glycogen content in vaginal epithelial cells, increases the acidity of the vagina, and creates an environment conducive to the growth of; at the same time, pregnancy can reduce the immunity of cells, making it easier for to cause disease. Statistics show that 1/3 of pregnant women have in their vaginas, with an incidence of about 15%. (3) diabetes: after suffering from diabetes, the body's sugar metabolism is disrupted, blood sugar levels rise, and glycogen content in vaginal epithelial cells increases, similarly increasing the acidity of the vagina and promoting the growth and reproduction of. (4) use of corticosteroids: long-term use of corticosteroids will reduce the phagocytic ability of white blood cells and reduce the body's immunity; at the same time, corticosteroids can also increase the body's blood sugar levels, increasing the likelihood of developing candidiasis. (5) use of immunosuppressants: it will reduce the body's immunity and make it easier to suffer from candidiasis. (6) use of estrogens: estrogens promote the deposition of glycogen in vaginal epithelial cells. These glycogen are decomposed into lactic acid by vaginal lactobacilli, increasing the acidity of the vagina and creating an environment conducive to the growth of. (7) severe illness that weakens resistance or lack of compound B vitamins can also easily lead to candidiasis. In addition, some people believe that oral contraceptives can also increase the incidence of candidiasis. Does candidiasis transmit? Although 10% to 20% of healthy women have in their vaginas, and some special circumstances such as long-term use of antibiotics and diabetes can trigger vaginal infection, candidiasis can also be transmitted from the outside in many cases. When a woman has sexual contact with a man who has a positive culture for, her infection rate is 80%; among men who have had sexual contact with women suffering from candidiasis, about half are infected. That is to say, candidiasis can be transmitted through sexual contact, which is why when a woman suffers from candidiasis, her partner must also be treated at the same time. In addition, indirect contact transmission is also a way of transmission for candidiasis. Contact with seats of public toilets, bathtubs, bath chairs, towels, unclean sanitary napkins, and toilet paper can all cause transmission. When the number of in the infected person's external genitalia and vagina reaches a certain amount, candidiasis of the external genitalia and vagina can occur. What are the clinical manifestations and diagnosis of candidiasis? The most common symptoms of candidiasis are itching of the external genitalia and a significant increase in vaginal discharge. The itching symptoms of patients are light and heavy, and they come and go. The itching caused by candidiasis is generally more obvious than that caused by trichomoniasis. Severe itching makes it difficult for patients to sit or lie down and affects their sleep and appetite. Patients may also experience a burning sensation in the vagina, which is particularly noticeable during urination. In more severe cases, frequent urination, dysuria, and pain during intercourse may also occur. An increase in vaginal discharge is another main symptom of the disease. The discharge is usually viscous, white or yellow, or may be thin. The typical discharge of candidiasis is like cheese curds or milk curds. During gynecological examination, the degree of congestion of the labia minora and vaginal mucosa varies depending on the severity of the condition. There may be a significant amount of viscous white discharge in the vagina, or the vaginal mucosa may be covered with white membranes. If the membranes are removed, the exposed mucosa may be red, swollen, and eroded, or may have superficial ulcers. If the symptoms are typical, the diagnosis is not difficult, but laboratory tests should still be combined for confirmation. The commonly used method is the wet mount method: place a drop of physiological saline or 10% potassium hydroxide solution on a microscope slide, take a small amount of discharge and place it in it, and examine it under the microscope directly. If pseudohyphae and spores are found, it indicates that the is in a pathogenic state and can be diagnosed as candidiasis. If the patient's symptoms are suspected but pseudohyphae are not found on multiple direct microscopic examinations, bacterial culture should be performed. How to treat candidiasis? Treatment of candidiasis can be done using pure Western medicine or a combination of traditional Chinese and Western medicine. (1) general treatment: actively treat other diseases that can cause candidiasis and eliminate susceptible factors. Keep the external genitalia clean and dry, and avoid scratching. Sexual activity should be avoided during treatment. Spicy and irritating foods should not be eaten. (2) change the pH of the vagina: the optimal pH value for the growth of is 5.5. Therefore, using alkaline solutions to rinse the external genitalia and vagina and change the vaginal pH can inhibit the growth and reproduction of. You can use 2% to 4% baking soda solution to rinse the vagina, once or twice a day, with a 2-week course. After rinsing, dry the external genitalia and keep them dry to inhibit the growth of. (3) vaginal medication: using imidazole suppositories for vaginal medication has a good effect on candidiasis. Clotrimazole suppositories are inserted into the vagina once a night after rinsing, with a 10 to 14-day course; or Daktarin suppositories are inserted into the vagina after rinsing, with a 7-day course. (4) topical creams: using clotrimazole cream or Daktarin cream externally can treat external genital inflammation caused by infection and relieve symptoms of itching and pain in the external genitalia. Apply externally several times a day for 2 weeks. Eucerin cream, which contains econazole as the main ingredient and a small amount of local steroid, has a good anti-itch effect and is more suitable for patients with severe external genital inflammation and vulvovaginitis. Apply externally twice a day. (5) oral medication: since infection can be transmitted between couples through sexual contact, oral medication can be used to treat both parties, and oral medication can also inhibit in the intestines. Fluconazole oral: 150 mg once. Or Sporanox oral: if it is a first-time vaginal infection, take 200 mg each time after breakfast and dinner, and take it for only one day; if it is recurrent vulvovaginitis, the dose of Sporanox needs to be increased, and 200 mg can be taken once a day for 3 days, or 100 mg can be taken twice a day for 3 days. Medication should be taken after meals. (6) traditional Chinese medicine treatment: decoct traditional Chinese medicine with the effects of clearing heat, detoxifying, killing parasites, and relieving itching, and steam the external genitalia. This can not only alleviate symptoms but also inhibit and eliminate. Since the symptoms of itching and burning in the external genitalia are significantly reduced after steaming, it is more suitable for women with acute vulvovaginitis and can alleviate the patient's suffering. In addition, traditional Chinese medicine can be made into powders or suppositories for vaginal medication. Prescription ①: 30g of white peony root, 30g of cinnabar, 30g of Sophora flavescens, 30g of Cnidium monnieri, 3g of benzoin. Wrap the herbs in white cloth, decoct to extract 2000 ml of liquid, and steam the external genitalia while the liquid is hot. After the liquid cools slightly, sit in the bath for 20 minutes, once or twice a day. Before steaming, take out the herb bag and dry it, and it can be used again once. A 7-day course. After bathing, insert one clotrimazole suppository or Daktarin suppository into the vagina, and apply the ointment to the external genitalia. Prescription ②（《Practical Handbook of Food Therapy for Gynecology and Obstetrics》）：12g of clove, 30g of patchouli, 15g of cinnamon, 30g of rhubarb, 20g of gentian, 15g of alum, 15g of mint, 1g of benzoin. This prescription has the effects of clearing heat, drying dampness, killing parasites, and relieving itching, and has a strong inhibitory and killing effect on and other superficial skin fungi as well as Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Usage: decoct once a day and steam or soak the external genitalia 1 to 2 times, each time for 30 minutes. It can also be made into an external washing solution and ointment for external use. Married women can also use the liquid to rinse the vagina once a day. A 12-day course is one cycle. Prescription ③（《Latest Therapies for Sexually Transmitted Diseases》）：30g of Sophora flavescens, 30g of Cnidium monnieri, 20g of gentian, 15g of stemona, 15g of berberine, 15g of Kochia. Add 2000 to 3000 ml of water, decoct for 30 to 40 minutes, remove the dregs, and steam or bathe. Once a night, 20 to 30 minutes each time. Prescription ④（《Practical Handbook of Food Therapy for Gynecology and Obstetrics》）：30g of Sophora flavescens, 30g of Cnidium monnieri, 30g of cinnamon, 30g of cinnabar, 10g of Sichuan pepper, 10g of alum, 3g of benzoin. Grind into a fine powder, disinfect and reserve. First, rinse the external genitalia and vagina with 3% soda water, then take an appropriate amount of the medicinal powder and sprinkle it on the vagina and external genitalia, once or twice a day. A 5-day course. After treating with the above methods, the clinical symptoms of patients will improve quickly, but this does not necessarily mean that vulvovaginitis has been cured. Patients should adhere to the treatment course and then go to the hospital for a follow-up examination of symptoms, gynecological examination, and laboratory tests of vaginal discharge. If there are no abnormalities, it means that it has been cured recently. After that, you should have a follow-up examination of the above tests one month after the menstrual period for three consecutive months. If all are negative, it is considered completely cured. Does the disappearance of symptoms in patients with vulvovaginitis mean recovery? Currently, most of the drugs used to treat fungal vulvovaginitis and vaginitis are imidazole drugs, which have a good antifungal effect. Therefore, after oral and topical treatment, the symptoms of patients will improve or disappear quickly, but this does not mean that vulvovaginitis has been cured, but rather that has been temporarily suppressed. Patients must not stop medication at this point but should follow the doctor's advice, complete the treatment course (you can stop medication during the menstrual period), and then go to the hospital for a gynecological examination and microscopic examination of vaginal discharge after the menstrual period. If negative, it is considered recently cured. If necessary, further treatment will be provided. Only when gynecological examinations and microscopic examinations of vaginal discharge are all normal for three consecutive months can it be considered completely cured. Some patients do not follow the medication rules, and when symptoms improve slightly, they stop medication on their own. Soon after, the symptoms reappear, and they start treatment again for a while. Symptoms disappear again, and medication is stopped again. Using and stopping medication in this way will cause to develop resistance, affect the efficacy of the drug, and lead to chronic vulvovaginitis, which is difficult to treat, bringing inconvenience to the patient's life and causing mental stress. Therefore, to completely cure vulvovaginitis, on the one hand, the doctor should clearly explain the medication method and the criteria for cure, and on the other hand, the patient must adhere to the treatment and regularly follow up, not afraid of the trouble. Why is vulvovaginitis prone to recurrence? The reasons for the recurrence of vulvovaginitis can be summarized as follows: First, after the occurrence of vulvovaginitis, if the medication is not serious and cannot be completely treated, it is an important reason for the recurrence of the disease. After the treatment of vulvovaginitis, patients still need to go to the hospital for a gynecological examination and laboratory tests of vaginal discharge after each menstrual period for three consecutive times. If there is any sign of infection during this period, it cannot be considered cured, but rather a recurrence or re-infection, and further treatment is needed. Second, the two parties have not received treatment at the same time: after a woman suffers from vulvovaginitis, the pathogen can be transmitted to her husband through sexual contact, making him a carrier, and about 10% of men can develop balanoposthitis. If only the woman is treated while the man is not, even if the woman is cured, she will be re-infected by her husband, causing to be passed back and forth between the two, and the woman's vulvovaginitis will recur. Third, not changing and disinfecting underwear and towels according to the regulations during treatment can also become a reason for re-infection with. Fourth, the human body itself can be a carrier of, and in the intestines can cause vulvovaginitis when it infects the vagina. For example, poor hygiene habits, such as wiping the external genitalia from the anus to the urethra after defecation, may introduce from the intestines into the vagina, leading to recurrent vulvovaginitis. Therefore, when treating vulvovaginitis, medication should be taken orally to eliminate in the intestines. Moreover, patients should change their bad hygiene habits. Fifth, frequent or long-term use of antibiotics will repeatedly disrupt the balance between the vaginal flora, allowing to grow vigorously. For such patients, antifungal drugs should be given for prevention at the same time or after taking antibiotics. Sixth, diabetic patients frequently suffer from vulvovaginitis repeatedly because the acidity of the vagina increases and long-term urinary sugar provide favorable conditions for the growth of. Therefore, treating diabetes is the key to reducing the recurrence of vulvovaginitis. Seventh, poor hygiene, washing underwear with socks. Although it is rare for vulvovaginitis to be caused by tinea pedis, it is not impossible. If the bacteria causing tinea pedis is indeed, then the above practice can lead to self-infection. In addition, frequently using sanitary napkins and toilet paper that do not meet hygiene standards or having the habit of washing basins may also lead to recurrent vulvovaginitis. How to treat recurrent vulvovaginitis? The first step in treating recurrent vulvovaginitis is to remove the causes that can lead to repeated infection of the vagina, prolong the treatment period, and use multiple treatment methods simultaneously. Local treatment can first use traditional Chinese medicine to steam or bathe the external genitalia, then medication for the vagina, and apply antifungal ointment externally. Local treatment can be continued throughout the menstrual period, with medication suspended during the menstrual period and continued after the menstrual period; take Sporanox orally, 200 mg once a day after meals, for 3 days. Continue this treatment for 1 to 2 months. Does vulvovaginitis affect the fetus? Pregnant women are prone to vulvovaginitis. The reasons are: during pregnancy, the sex hormone level increases, increasing the glycogen content in vaginal epithelial cells, increasing the acidity of the vagina, creating an environment conducive to the growth of; at the same time, pregnancy can reduce the immunity of cells, making it easier for to cause disease. Statistics show that about 1/3 of pregnant women have in their vaginas, with an incidence of about 15%. While the general healthy women have in their vaginas at a rate of only 10% to 20%. If a pregnant woman gets sick, a few people with in their vaginas can go up the cervix and penetrate the amniotic sac to infect the fetus, causing premature birth. In addition, when the fetus is delivered through the mother's vagina, it may also be infected with, mostly causing oral infection, such as thrush, which is usually caused by oral infection. Some infants may also develop around the anus. Therefore, to avoid infecting the fetus, pregnant women with vulvovaginitis should actively treat it. Treatment should be local medication. Why is vulvovaginitis difficult to cure in unmarried women? The treatment of vulvovaginitis in unmarried young women is indeed a bit tricky. Because the patient says she is unmarried, gynecologists cannot examine the inflammation characteristics of the vaginal mucosa and cannot place special drugs deep into the vagina to kill, so only traditional Chinese medicine can be used to steam and apply some clotrimazole ointment to the outside of the vagina. But this method of medication cannot kill in the vagina. This is the reason why long-term treatment has not been effective. In daily practice, such patients are often encountered. First, always ask if they have had sexual experience, and the vast majority of patients can answer honestly; those who have had sexual experience will agree to a vaginal examination. Once you agree to a vaginal examination, everything is handled according to the treatment of married patients, you can give her 3% sodium bicarbonate solution and nystatin, a total of 10 days of medication, and ask her to use the medication at home. Every night before going to bed, first use 3% sodium bicarbonate solution to rinse or bathe the vagina, dry it, and then insert one nystatin suppository (100,000 units) deep into the vagina. Once a night, for 10 days. Since nystatin is a special drug and is placed in the main site where multiplies and causes inflammation, the effect is very good, and it will be cured after one course. But to prevent recurrence, you must ask about the condition of the male partner, and both parties must be treated. If the male partner has balanoposthitis, you can give him 3% sodium bicarbonate solution and 3% clotrimazole ointment, rinse the glans and foreskin with 3% sodium bicarbonate solution before going to bed, dry it, and then apply clotrimazole ointment, once a night, for 10 days. If no lesions are found externally, you can give him 0.15g of fluconazole once, which can be taken at once, to eliminate the hidden in the reproductive system. This drug affects liver enzymes, so those with abnormal liver function should use it with caution. Avoid sexual activity during the treatment period, especially during the acute stage. Use condoms for the first month after resuming sexual activity, and if there is no abnormality, use a condom again. If it recurs after removing the condom, then review the sexual behavior. The following situations can all lead to recurrence: the male partner has extramarital affairs, the male partner has hidden, oral sex, anal sex, etc. If so, it should be changed as soon as possible. If you are unmarried and have no sexual experience，you cannot have a vaginal examination, and special long and thin instruments should be used for diagnosis. The central part of the hymen has a hole about the size of an earring, which is the exit for menstrual blood, and inside is the vagina. The vagina is about 9 cm long and has many folds. You can use a long and thin cotton swab through this hole to reach the bottom of the vagina and take bean curd-like white discharge for examination, and can be identified. The medication is still 3% sodium bicarbonate solution and nystatin, and another catheter and a 10ml syringe should be given to use at home. The method is: every night first rinse the external genitalia with warm water；then insert the catheter through the hole of the hymen into the deep part of the vagina，use the syringe to draw sodium bicarbonate solution from the catheter and inject it into the vagina for rinsing 5～8 times，each time drawing 10ml. The purpose is to rinse a large amount of white discharge and out of the vagina and create an alkaline environment to inhibit the growth of. After rinsing，draw the remaining liquid in the vagina，dry the external genitalia，sit on the bed；use the syringe to draw thenystatin solution，still inject it into the deep part of the vagina through the catheter. Withdraw the catheter，raise your hips and go to sleep. The nystatin solution can be prepared by dissolving one nystatin suppository in 4ml of cold boiled water. If the external genitalia are affected，you can apply 3% clotrimazole ointment. Once a night，101；1 cure。，，。。、、、、；；，，；，，，。、、。。，，，，。，，。，。，。：，（）2，。Candidiasis is caused by the infection of from the mold. It is more common in pregnant women and diabetic patients. The main symptoms of candidiasis are a burning sensation in the external genitalia, an increase in vaginal discharge, and the discharge of creamy or bean curd-like secretions. Therefore，a wet mount of vaginal discharge can be performed，and can be identified to confirm the diagnosis. Oral clotrimazole, nystatin，and ketoconazole are effective，and vaginal suppositories can also be used.２％～４％１～２。【】1．。2．２％～４％１～２。3．，，、。4．，，、，、，。5．，，。CandidiasisCandidiasis can cause sudden itching of the external genitalia，making it difficult to sleep and work. It is a common vaginitis，more common in pregnant women and diabetic patients. If long-term use of antibiotics changes the balance between the vaginal flora and allows to multiply， it can cause candidiasis. This is mainly transmitted through sexual contact，as well as unclean bathtubs，underwear，towels，and toilet paper can also cause transmission. The main symptoms of candidiasis are severe itching in the external genitalia，sometimes even making it difficult to sit or lie down，causing great suffering，sometimes accompanied by a burning sensation，difficulty urinating，more frequent urination，dysuria，and pain during intercourse. During gynecological examinations，white membranes may be found on the vaginal mucosa，covering the vaginal mucosa with a white or yellow, possibly thin discharge. Typical candidiasis discharge is like cheese curds or milk curds. The following should be noted for patients with candidiasis：(1)Change underwear frequently，and underwear should be loose，do not wear nylon or other non-cotton products as underwear。(2)Use boiling water to disinfect underwear，bathtubs，towels，and other items used by the patient. (3)Rinse the vagina once a week is appropriate，to avoid causing bacterial infection due to the imbalance of the vaginal flora. (4)Avoid sexual activity. If either party has tinea pedis，it should be actively treated。(5)Pay close attention to patients with poor nutrition，weak constitution，or chronic diseases（such as diabetes）to check for other fungal infections in other parts of the body，actively control the primary disease，and improve the body's resistance.(6)This disease may coexist with trichomoniasis，so check for trichomoniasis infection，and if present，treat it at the same time。(7)Do not overuse antibiotics or hormones。Cure candidiasis with home remedies（1）Rinse the external genitalia and vagina with a 2%～4% baking soda solution or sit in the bath，change the vaginal pH to make it unfavorable for the growth of。After rinsing，insert one clotrimazole suppository or Daktarin suppository into the vagina，and apply 3% clotrimazole ointment to the external genitalia for better results。（2）Place two pieces of ice boron tablets into the vagina，once a night，for a 7～10-day course。（3）Rinse the vagina with a 1%～2% gentian violet solution，every other day for 2 weeks，note that excessive use of the drug should be avoided，as it may cause chemical dermatitis or ulcers。（4）Rinse the vagina and external genitalia with 10% borax glycerin，which is also effective，and can be alternated with gentian violet。For persistent cases，clotrimazole or nystatin can be taken orally to eliminate in the intestines，or miconazole can be applied externally。During treatment，avoid sexual activity，change and disinfect underwear daily，and have a follow-up examination after the menstrual period。Why is candidiasis prone to recurrence? The reasons for the recurrence of vulvovaginitis can be summarized as follows：First，after the occurrence of vulvovaginitis，if the medication is not serious and cannot be completely treated，it is an important reason for the recurrence of the disease. After the treatment of vulvovaginitis，patients still need to go to the hospital for a gynecological examination and laboratory tests of vaginal discharge after each menstrual period for three consecutive times. If there is any sign of infection during this period，it cannot be considered cured，but rather a recurrence or re-infection，and further treatment is needed. Second，the two parties have not received treatment at the same time：after a woman suffers from vulvovaginitis，the pathogen can be transmitted to her husband through sexual contact，making him a carrier，and about 10% of men can develop balanoposthitis. If only the woman is treated while the man is not，even if the woman is cured，she will be re-infected by her husband，causing to be passed back and forth between the two，and the woman's vulvovaginitis will recur. Third，not changing and disinfecting underwear and towels according to the regulations during treatment can also become a reason for re-infection with。Fourth，the human body itself can be a carrier of，and in the intestines can cause vulvovaginitis when it infects the vagina. For example，poor hygiene habits，such as wiping the external genitalia from the anus to the urethra after defecation，may introduce from the intestines into the vagina，leading to recurrent vulvovaginitis. Therefore，when treating vulvovaginitis，medication should be taken orally to eliminate in the intestines. Moreover，patients should change their bad hygiene habits. Fifth，frequent or long-term use of antibiotics will repeatedly disrupt the balance between the vaginal flora，allowing to grow vigorously. For such patients，antifungal drugs should be given for prevention at the same time or after taking antibiotics. Sixth，diabetic patients frequently suffer from vulvovaginitis repeatedly because the acidity of the vagina increases and long-term urinary sugar provide favorable conditions for the growth of。Therefore，treating diabetes is the key to reducing the recurrence of vulvovaginitis. Seventh，poor hygiene，washing underwear with socks。Although it is rare for vulvovaginitis to be caused by tinea pedis，it is not impossible. If the bacteria causing tinea pedis is indeed，then the above practice can lead to self-infection. In addition，frequently using sanitary napkins and toilet paper that do not meet hygiene standards or having the habit of washing basins may also lead to recurrent vulvovaginitis. How to treat recurrent vulvovaginitis? The first step in treating recurrent vulvovaginitis is to remove the causes that can lead to repeated infection of the vagina，prolong the treatment period，and use multiple treatment methods simultaneously. Local treatment can first use traditional Chinese medicine to steam or bathe the external genitalia，then medication for the vagina，and apply antifungal ointment externally. Local treatment can be continued throughout the menstrual period，with medication suspended during the menstrual period and continued after the menstrual period；take Sporanox orally, 200 mg once a day after meals, for 3 days. Continue this treatment for 1 to 2 months. Does candidiasis affect the fetus? Pregnant women are prone to vulvovaginitis. The reasons are: during pregnancy, the sex hormone level increases, increasing the glycogen content in vaginal epithelial cells, increasing the acidity of the vagina, creating an environment conducive to the growth of; at the same time, pregnancy can reduce the immunity of cells, making it easier for to cause disease. Statistics show that about 1/3 of pregnant women have in their vaginas, with an incidence of about 15%. While the general healthy women have in their vaginas at a rate of only 10% to 20%. If a pregnant woman gets sick, a few people with in their vaginas can go up the cervix and，。，，，，。 around the。，， vulvovaginitis should actively treat it. Treatment should be local medication. Why is vulvovaginitis difficult to cure in unmarried women? The treatment of vulvovaginitis in unmarried young women is indeed a bit tricky. Because the patient says she is unmarried, gynecologists cannot examine the inflammation characteristics of the vaginal mucosa and cannot place special drugs deep into the vagina to kill, so only traditional Chinese medicine can be used to steam and apply some clotrimazole ointment to the outside of the vagina. But this method of medication cannot kill in the vagina. This is the reason why long-term treatment has not been effective. In daily practice, such patients are often encountered. First, always ask if they have had sexual experience, and the vast majority of patients can answer honestly; those who have had sexual experience will agree to a vaginal examination. Once you agree to a vaginal examination, everything is handled according to the treatment of married patients, you can give her 3% sodium bicarbonate solution and nystatin, a total of Cure candidiasis with home remedies（1）Rinse the external genitalia and vagina with a 2%～4% baking soda solution or sit in the bath，change the vaginal pH to make it unfavorable for the growth of。After rinsing，insert one clotrimazole suppository or Daktarin suppository into the vagina，and apply 3% clotrimazole ointment to the external genitalia for better results。（2）Place two pieces of ice boron tablets into the vagina，once a night，for a 7～10-day course。（3）Rinse the vagina with a 1%～2% gentian violet solution，every other day for 2 weeks，note that excessive use of the drug should be avoided，as it may cause chemical dermatitis or ulcers。（4）Rinse the vagina and external genitalia with 10% borax glycerin，which is also effective，and can be alternated with gentian violet。For persistent cases，clotrimazole or nystatin can be taken orally to eliminate in the intestines，or miconazole can be applied externally。How to prevent the occurrence of vulvovaginitis? From the above, we know that the normal human body may itself be a carrier of. as a symbiotic bacterium in the human body only becomes pathogenic under certain conditions. Therefore, as long as the conditions that may cause vulvovaginitis can be eliminated, the purpose of prevention can be achieved.(1)Exercise, eat a balanced diet, and avoid overeating foods high in sugar content.(2)Develop good hygiene habits：wash your hands before going to the toilet；do not use unclean sanitary napkins；when wiping the external genitalia after defecation, it is best to wipe from the front to the back；wash the external genitalia daily，change and dry the underwear and place them in a ventilated place to dry；your own basin and towels should be used exclusively；do not wash underwear and socks in the same basin.(3)Dress reasonably：do not wear nylon underwear，do not borrow other people's underwear, inner underwear, and swimwear.(4)When using public toilets，avoid using；prefer showers to；do not sit directly on the bathroom seats after bathing；do not swim in swimming pools with poor disinfection standards.(5)Do not overemphasize hygiene：some patients say they pay great attention to hygiene, and wash the external genitalia 2～3 times a day, each time using a rinse or hand to clean the vagina. In fact，this practice is incorrect. Because the vaginal environment is weakly acidic and there are many symbiotic bacteria present，the mutual restraint between the bacterial flora can inhibit the excessive growth of a particular bacterial species and cause disease. This is a natural defense system of the human body. Washing the vagina will undoubtedly destroy the weakly acidic environment of the vagina and the mutual restraint between the bacterial flora, reducing the vaginal epithelial resistance to disease. This can lead to.(6)Do not overuse antibiotics：long-term and excessive use of antibiotics will disrupt the balance between the vaginal bacteria, allowing to lose inhibition and grow excessively, leading to disease.(7)Actively treat diabetes：diabetic patients can use soda water to wash the external genitalia, increase the vaginal pH，and inhibit the growth of.If a woman using oral contraceptives frequently suffers from vulvovaginitis, she should stop taking and use other methods of contraception.