What common gynecological infections do women have?

Patient's question:

I am still a college junior student, and I currently have no experience with sexual life. However, I might have seen too many advertisements lately, always coming across treatments for various gynecological infections. Over time, I couldn't help but pay attention to this as well. Sometimes, I also worry about getting these diseases and want to learn about them in advance.

Doctor's answer:

Common gynecological inflammation includes:
1. Vaginitis: Clinically characterized by changes in vaginal discharge and itching, burning, or pain in the external genitalia. Pain is also common. When the infection involves the urethra, symptoms such as dysuria (painful urination), urinary urgency, and urinary frequency may occur.
2. Cervicitis: The main symptom is an increase in vaginal discharge. Acute cervicitis presents with purulent discharge, lower abdominal and lumbosacral pain, or urinary symptoms such as urinary frequency, urgency, and dysuria (bladder irritation). Chronic cervicitis may present with creamy, mucous discharge or pale yellow purulent discharge.
3. Pelvic Inflammation: Lower abdominal pain accompanied by fever. Severe cases may include chills, high fever, headache, and loss of appetite. During menstruation, it may cause increased menstrual flow and prolonged menstrual periods. Outside of menstruation, it may lead to increased vaginal discharge. If peritonitis is present, digestive system symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, abdominal distension, and diarrhea may occur.

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