Factors or causes of infertility caused by immunological factors

Patient's question:

I've been married for a year without getting pregnant. I went to the hospital for a check-up and found it was due to immunological factors. What specific factors or causes are involved?

Doctor's answer:

Immunological factors: Refers to the presence of antisperm antibodies in the female reproductive tract or serum, which cause sperm to agglutinate, lose vitality, or die, leading to infertility or sterility. Additionally, in some infertile women, serum contains antibodies-like substances against their own oocyte zona pellucida, which can hinder sperm penetration and fertilization, also causing infertility.

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