Patient's question:
What are the factors or causes of infertility?Doctor's answer:
The main factors or causes of female infertility can be summarized into 4 categories:① Ovulatory dysfunction, characterized by anovulation during the menstrual cycle, or ovulation with inadequate corpus luteum function.
② Congenital or acquired abnormalities of the reproductive organs, which obstruct the patency and function of the reproductive tract from the vulva to the fallopian tubes, hindering the meeting of sperm and eggs, leading to infertility.
③ Immunological factors: Refers to the presence of antisperm antibodies in the female reproductive tract or serum, causing sperm agglutination, loss of vitality or death, resulting in infertility or subfertility. Additionally, some infertile women have serum antibodies against their own oolemma, which can block sperm penetration and fertilization, also leading to infertility.
④ Infertility caused by sexual dysfunction, lack of sexual knowledge, systemic diseases, and unknown factors accounts for about one-third of infertility cases.
What factors or causes contribute to male infertility?
The main factors or causes of male infertility can be summarized into 5 categories:
① Sexual dysfunction, including impotence, premature ejaculation, nocturnal emission, and anejaculation. Anejaculation accounts for 32.4% of male infertility factors.
② Abnormal semen quality, including oligospermia, azoospermia, necrospermia, asthenospermia, polyzoospermia, hyposemenia, and semen agglutination. Oligospermia accounts for 15.4% of male infertility factors.
③ Varicocele-induced male infertility accounts for 12%.
④ Immunological factors: Refers to the presence of antisperm antibodies in male serum or seminal plasma, leading to autoimmune reactions and immunological infertility.
⑤ Infertility caused by reproductive tract infections, congenital abnormalities, systemic diseases, and unknown factors.
What external factors can cause infertility?
Many modern factors can affect fertility:
① Environmental pollution: In addition to water, air, and food pollution affecting reproductive function, there are also electrical, magnetic, radiation, and noise pollution, as well as microwave, infrared, ultraviolet, ultrasonic, X-ray, and gamma-ray pollution.
② Temperature and heat can inhibit the spermatogenic process: For example, long-term wearing tight clothing can impair the temperature-regulating function of the scrotum, affecting spermatogenesis.
③ Toxic and harmful substances: Heavy metals such as aluminum, cobalt, and lead, as well as toluene, insecticides, herbicides, and preservatives, can damage the testicular spermatogenic function.
④ Malnutrition, deficiencies in trace elements and vitamins can all lead to infertility.