National Ecological Status Survey and Assessment - Northern China Volume: Northern China Volume

Author: State Environmental Protection Administration
Publisher:
Publish Date: 2006-04-01
Features: From 2000 to 2002, the State Environmental Protection Administration, in conjunction with the State Bureau of Surveying and Mapping, the Ministry of Land and Resources, the National Bureau of Statistics, and the governments of provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the Central Government, organized ecological status surveys in western China and the central-eastern and northern-eastern regions. The ecological status surveys employed methods such as collecting, summarizing, and analyzing existing data, as well as remote sensing surveys. Through case studies, they provided an in-depth understanding of China's ecological status, the problems it faces, and their causes. The main objectives were: (1) to grasp the ecological status and its dynamic changes; (2) to establish a basic ecological database and preliminarily form a query system to serve ecological management and decision-making; (3) to complete reports and multimedia presentations on the ecological status; (4) to provide a basis for ecological functional zoning and ecological protection planning. The survey covered multiple fields, including society, economy, environment, resources, and disasters (the western survey involved 9 categories and 193 indicators, while the central-eastern and northern-eastern surveys involved 10 categories and 371 indicators). The statistical data were based on 1986 and 2000, primarily derived from surveys on social, economic, environmental, and resource aspects conducted by China's statistical, agricultural, forestry, water, environmental protection, and land and resources departments since 1949, covering topics such as agriculture, forest resources, soil erosion, desertification, land resources, rural non-point source pollution, etc. Remote sensing surveys were based on 1988 and 2000, extracting and analyzing thematic information on land degradation, urbanization, coastal zones, wetlands, etc. Case studies focused on China's prominent ecological issues, with over 100 typical areas established, including dozens of cross-province and cross-river basin cases. These included forests, lakes and wetlands, ecological degradation, biodiversity, water resource utilization, invasive alien species, rapid urban development, coastal zones, scenic tourism, and genetically modified biotechnology safety. This book is based on the reports and achievements of the "Ecological Status Survey of Western China" and the "Ecological Status Survey of Central-Eastern and Northern-Eastern China," as well as the ecological status surveys of provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the Central Government (excluding Taiwan Province, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, and Macao Special Administrative Region), compiled and edited by the State Environmental Protection Administration. During the revision process, some content was appropriately supplemented and updated using 2003 data to reflect changes in the situation. In the course of the status surveys and the book's compilation, extensive research findings and publications from relevant ministries, research institutions, and scientists were referenced. Due to space constraints, many cannot be listed in the references, and their contributions are gratefully acknowledged.