What are the side effects of birth control pills on the body?

Patient's question:

I take the birth control pill twice a month. What are the potential side effects on the body? Additional question: About four days after taking each pill, I get my period again. The amount is not much, but it's dark in color. Is the week after and before the period considered a safe period? My period has always been irregular.

Doctor's answer:

Side effects of birth control pills may include endocrine disorders, irregular menstruation, amenorrhea, infertility, or gastrointestinal discomfort, headaches, weight gain, nervousness, low mood, skin hyperpigmentation, and acne. Birth control pills should not be used more than three times within a year, and only once between each month. It is recommended that you adopt other forms of contraception.

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