Can pregnancy occur without a condom during external ejaculation?

Patient's question:

A friend of mine is in a long-distance relationship with his girlfriend. They meet about once a month, and each time they meet, they have intimate relations. So, he always prepares a lot of condoms. But one time, he forgot to bring condoms for external ejaculation. After coming back, he worried every day whether he might get his girlfriend pregnant.
What kind of help is needed: Can you get pregnant without a condom during external ejaculation?

Doctor's answer:

Hello, withdrawal (coitus interruptus) is relatively safe, but not 100% effective. Sometimes, if not controlled properly, a small amount of semen may enter the vagina, leading to the possibility of contraceptive failure. During sexual intercourse, the presence of secretions does not necessarily mean it is semen. When a man is sexually aroused, he may produce secretions, which are prostatic fluid and do not contain sperm. However, when sexual arousal is at or near climax, a small amount of semen may spill out along with the contraction of the vas deferens and flow into the vagina. Although the amount of semen is small, it contains the highest number of sperm, making pregnancy possible. If you withdraw the penis slightly earlier just before ejaculation and outside the vagina, and do not reinsert it after ejaculation, this can reduce the chances of pregnancy as much as possible. However, it is not completely impossible, so for safety, it is still recommended to use a condom.

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