Patient's question:
My kidneys have only been examined with ultrasound, but the results showed no abnormalities. I just feel like I need to go to the bathroom whenever I drink a little water, so I thought there might be something wrong with my kidneys. As for the lump on my head, I don't know when it suddenly appeared. It doesn't hurt or itch, so I just ignored it! I never expected that this period of missed menstruation would cause so many problems. I still haven't gotten my period. Am I going to die soon?Doctor's answer:
Hello:Frequent urination refers to an increased number of urination episodes. A normal adult urinates 4 to 6 times during the day and 0 to 2 times at night after going to bed; infants urinate 20 to 30 times in a day. If the number of urination episodes significantly increases beyond this range, it is considered frequent urination. There are many causes of frequent urination, which can be summarized into the following categories:
(1) Increased urine volume: When urine volume increases, the number of urination episodes also increases accordingly. Under physiological conditions, such as drinking a large amount of water, eating watermelon, or drinking beer, the increased fluid intake leads to more urine production through the regulation and filtration functions of the kidneys, resulting in more frequent urination. In pathological conditions, such as some diabetic patients or patients with diabetes insipidus who drink a lot of water and produce more urine, the number of urination episodes also increases. However, there is no discomfort during urination in these cases.
(2) Inflammatory stimulation: When there is inflammation in the bladder, the nerve sensory threshold decreases, and the micturition center is in an excited state, leading to frequent urination and a reduced urine volume (less than 300 to 500 milliliters per episode in adults). Therefore, frequent urination is an important symptom of cystitis, especially in acute cystitis and tuberculous cystitis. Other conditions, such as prostatitis, urethritis, pyelonephritis, chronic balanoposthitis in children, and vulvitis, can also cause frequent urination. Under inflammatory stimulation, frequent urination, urinary urgency, and dysuria often occur simultaneously, collectively known as urinary tract irritation syndrome, commonly referred to as the "three urinary symptoms."
(3) Non-inflammatory stimulation: Conditions like urinary tract stones or foreign bodies typically manifest primarily as frequent urination.
(4) Reduced bladder capacity: Such as in cases of bladder occupying lesions or the enlarged uterus compressing the bladder during pregnancy