What is the reason for bleeding when taking birth control pills

Patient's question:

Medical Description: My girlfriend took birth control pills, and the next day she started bleeding from her lower abdomen. It might be about five milliliters, and it doesn't look like her menstrual period. There are black blood clots, and it has been like this for the past two days. She can't see the black blood flowing out, only spotting on her underwear. I'm wondering if she's pregnant or what's going on. She said this happened before when she was pregnant, but she didn't take birth control pills back then.
History of Treatment and Effect: This has never happened before.
Desired Help: I want to ask if this could be pregnancy and what I should do.

Doctor's answer:

Hello, according to your description, this is a situation that needs to be considered as withdrawal bleeding caused by emergency contraception.
Advice: For this situation, it is a side effect of the contraceptive pill. The occurrence of withdrawal bleeding indicates that contraception has been successful, so there is no need to worry too much. It is a normal phenomenon. This withdrawal bleeding is caused by taking the contraceptive pill, which means that contraception has been successful.
This type of contraceptive pill should not be taken frequently. It can only be used three times a year and once a month at most. In the future, it is best to take it less often or not at all.

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