What tests are done during early pregnancy to determine if the fetus is healthy?

Patient's question:

Now I am 6 weeks pregnant. If I do an ultrasound at the hospital at 6 weeks of early pregnancy, what kind of fetal problems can generally be detected? Because I am not sure whether I have taken Anaprox and Norfloxacin during recent pregnancy, I want to know what time and what tests can be done to determine if the fetus is healthy.
The help I need: Please provide detailed explanations on the above, thank you.

Doctor's answer:

Hello, your situation falls under the category of prenatal consultation. Generally, in the early stages of pregnancy, if the gestational sac appears small during the ultrasound, it's important to check whether there is a primitive fetal heartbeat and fetal stalk. If these are present, it is possible to continue the pregnancy. It's important to check the levels of progesterone and HCG in the blood to see if they are low, as this can increase the risk of miscarriage.
Around 12 weeks, an ultrasound should be done to check the thickness of the nuchal translucency to rule out some chromosomal diseases. Around 18 weeks, a prenatal screening test (NIPT) should be conducted. Around 21 weeks, an ultrasound should be done for a comprehensive anatomical survey. At 28 weeks, an ultrasound should also be performed to rule out late-onset abnormalities.

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