Patient's question:
I want to ask what estrogen is checked for, and is it normal to have bleeding during ovulation?Doctor's answer:
Hello, the main physiological effects of estrogen are as follows:(1) Promotes the development of the endometrium, thickens the muscular layer, increases blood circulation, and enhances uterine contractility, as well as increases the sensitivity of uterine smooth muscle to oxytocin.
(2) Stimulates endometrial hyperplasia.
(3) Relaxes the cervix, increases cervical mucus secretion, changes its consistency to be thin and easily stretchable into threads.
(4) Promotes the development of fallopian tubes and enhances the amplitude of their rhythmic contractions.
(5) Stimulates the proliferation and keratinization of vaginal epithelial cells, leading to development of labia.
(6) Promotes the hyperplasia of mammary ducts and darkens the nipples and areolae.
(7) Promotes the development of other secondary sexual characteristics.
(8) Estrogen is essential for the development of follicles. From primordial follicles to mature follicles, it plays a certain role in helping the ovaries accumulate cholesterol.
(9) Through positive and negative feedback regulation of the hypothalamus, it controls the secretion of gonadotropin-releasing hormone by the pituitary gland.
(10) It has certain effects on metabolism, promoting the retention of sodium and water. In terms of fat metabolism, total cholesterol tends to decrease, β-lipoprotein decreases, and the ratio of cholesterol to phospholipid decreases, which is beneficial for preventing coronary artery hardening. (11) It promotes the deposition of calcium in bones, and during puberty, estrogen influences bone closure. After menopause, the lack of estrogen leads to osteoporosis.
During examination, the corresponding clinical symptoms caused by the amount of estrogen are primarily used to determine the diagnosis.