Patient's question:
I am very scared when this happens. I often have lower abdominal pain and don't know how to solve it, so I came here to consult. Please ask, does smoking affect male fertility?Doctor's answer:
Excessive smoking and drinking by either or both partners can be extremely harmful to the fetus. Direct or indirect excessive smoking by the pregnant woman can cause peripheral blood vessel constriction, insufficient oxygen supply and exchange, leading to fetal hypoxia, which may result in miscarriage, premature birth, and intrauterine fetal death. Due to fetal intrauterine hypoxia, intrauterine growth restriction and relatively lower intelligence may occur. During the early stages of pregnancy, it can also cause fetal malformations and developmental abnormalities, such as cardiovascular malformations, cleft palate, and anencephaly. Drinking alcohol during pregnancy can cause various physiological defects in the fetus, primarily manifesting as miscarriage, premature birth, stillbirth. The surviving fetuses are also prone to various diseases, and the infants born may have low intelligence and poor development. Therefore, it is necessary to abstain from alcohol for one month before conception.