What color and amount of menstruation is considered normal

Patient's question:

I have an itchy lower body, and my underwear is always yellow. What's going on? What color and amount of menstrual flow is considered normal?

Doctor's answer:

Normal menstrual bleeding should be between 20 to 60 milliliters, and anything over 80 milliliters is considered heavy menstrual bleeding. Menstrual blood is different from regular blood. It is a mixed fluid consisting of blood, shed endometrial tissue, cervical mucus, and vaginal secretions. Therefore, menstrual blood appears darker, slightly viscous, and does not clot easily into blood clots. Upon closer examination, small and thin fragments can be seen.

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