What tests are done for vulvar leukoplakia

Patient's question:

I felt unwell two months ago and experienced itching in the external genital area, which became more severe day by day. After searching online, I thought it was a bit like leukoplakia of the external genitalia.

Doctor's answer:

1. Eczema-type vulvar leukoplakia. The affected area has white patches, roughness, and cracks, along with symptoms such as severe itching.
2. Hyperplastic-type vulvar leukoplakia. The affected area shows varying degrees of thickening, with possible cracks and scaling on the surface.
3. Atrophic-type vulvar leukoplakia. The affected area has white patches, with varying degrees of skin thinning and a shiny appearance. In typical cases, the affected area resembles cigarette paper. The lesions are often confluent in many cases but are scattered in a few. In severe cases, the clitoris may atrophy and disappear, the prepuce may tighten, skin folds may flatten, and the vaginal opening may form a narrow slit.
4. Mixed-type vulvar leukoplakia. The vulvar skin turns white, sometimes presenting areas with both atrophic thinning and hyperplastic, rough patches. Sometimes, one part of the vulva shows atrophy, while another part exhibits hyperplastic changes. Additionally, it is accompanied by symptoms such as cracks and severe itching.

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