Management of Enterprise (Third Edition)

Author: Hu Yuchen
Publisher:
Publish Date: 2003-03-03
Features: Management practices have existed since ancient times, but management as a science emerged with the development of capitalist industrial production, the advent of factory systems, the gradual replacement of manual production by large-scale industrial production, and the transformation of large-scale collaborative labor into the basic form of labor. What is the object of management research? The object of management research is the enterprise. What is an enterprise? It refers to an economic organization engaged in the production, circulation, and service of commodities, conducting independent operations and bearing its own risks to meet social needs and achieve profits. Why do enterprises need management? As Marx once said, all large-scale direct social labor or joint labor requires some degree of direction to coordinate individual activities and execute the general functions of production—the various general functions that differ from the movement of independent organs of the whole. A single violinist directs himself, but an orchestra needs an orchestra conductor. In other words, management is a product of large-scale socialized production, and any organization involving collective human activity requires management. This nature of management is not subject to human will and does not change with different social systems or ideologies; it is entirely an objective existence and represents the commonality of management. Management is both a science and a social practice; management theory plays a significant guiding role in management practice. What are the functions of enterprise management? Generally speaking, enterprise management includes decision-making, planning, organizing, coordinating, and controlling. These functions advance scientific management. It is evident that mastering scientific research and methods is a crucial means for advancing the development of science.