What are the causes of vas deferens blockage?

Patient's question:

Hello, I want to ask what are the causes of vas deferens blockage? Recently, when having sex with my husband, he always can't ejaculate and says his vas deferens hurts a lot. With my husband like this

Doctor's answer:

Hello, obstruction of the vas deferens can cause obstructive azoospermia, which is also clinically referred to as pseudo-azoospermia. Its clinical manifestations and characteristics are as follows: normal-sized testicles, absence of sperm, normal levels of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and testosterone in serum, and normal results from testicular biopsy pathology. However, to confirm the diagnosis, contrast imaging must be performed. The causes of vas deferens obstruction include: urogenital system infections, congenital malformations, such as epididymal tumors, seminal vesicle tumors, and prostate tumors, which can lead to obstruction of the vas deferens.

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