Which medications should pregnant women avoid to prevent miscarriage?

Patient's question:

Main symptoms: Sometimes uncomfortable
Onset time: Not very clear
Laboratory test results: No tests performed

Doctor's answer:

There are many external adverse factors that affect reproductive function, which can directly or indirectly cause damage to embryos or fetuses. Excessive exposure to certain harmful chemicals (such as arsenic, lead, benzene, formaldehyde, butadiene, ethylene oxide, etc.) and physical factors (such as radiation, noise, and high temperatures, etc.) can all lead to miscarriage.
Maternal factors:
Systemic diseases: Acute illnesses during pregnancy with high fever can cause uterine contractions, leading to miscarriage. Bacterial toxins or viruses (such as herpes simplex virus, cytomegalovirus, etc.) can enter the fetal bloodstream through the placenta, causing fetal death and resulting in miscarriage. Additionally, severe anemia or heart failure in pregnant women may cause fetal hypoxia, which can also lead to miscarriage. Pregnant women with chronic nephritis or hypertension may experience placental infarction, potentially causing miscarriage.
Reproductive organ diseases: Pregnant women with uterine malformations (such as double uterus, septate uterus, and uterine underdevelopment, etc.), pelvic tumors (such as uterine fibroids, etc.), or cervical incompetence can all affect fetal development, leading to miscarriage. A relaxed internal cervical os or severe cervical laceration increases the risk of premature membrane rupture, resulting in late miscarriage.
Endocrine disorders: Hypothyroidism, uncontrolled severe diabetes, and luteal phase deficiency can all cause miscarriage.
Trauma: Abdominal surgery or trauma during pregnancy, especially in the early stages, can cause uterine contractions, leading to miscarriage.
After pregnancy, do not take medications indiscriminately. If you feel discomfort, it is recommended to seek medical attention.