Patient's question:
How does immunological infertility occur? I've been married for 2 years and haven't been able to get pregnant. The doctor said I have immunological infertility and asked how it should be treated.Doctor's answer:
Hello! There are three factors or causes of immunological infertility:(1) Sperm immunization: Due to changes in the permeability of the reproductive tract mucosa, antigen absorption is enhanced. If the antigen does not enter the bloodstream, antibodies do not appear in the serum or their titer is low. Sperm antigens entering the reproductive tract can increase the local concentration of antisperm antibodies, leading to a reaction between sperm and antisperm antibodies, causing the sperm to lose vitality and resulting in infertility.
(2) Ovum zona pellucida reaction: The zona pellucida of the ovum has specific antigens, and specific zona pellucida autoantibodies exist in the serum. After reacting with the zona pellucida, they can prevent sperm from attaching to and penetrating the ovum, blocking fertilization, or prevent the fertilized egg from escaping the zona pellucida, thereby blocking implantation, leading to infertility.
(3) Unexplained infertility:
- One: Antibodies binding to oocytes can damage them or hinder their release from the follicle through complement-dependent cell-mediated actions.
- Two: Antizona pellucida antibodies can mask the sperm recognition sites, obstruct sperm adhesion and penetration, and interfere with the fertilized egg escaping the zona pellucida and implantation.
It is recommended that you seek diagnosis and treatment at a professional infertility hospital to avoid affecting your health.