Patient's question:
What are the general causes of female infertility?Doctor's answer:
Hello, there are many reasons that can lead to female infertility. Here are a few points I've encountered that contribute to worsening the condition:(1) Anovulation
(2) Tubal factors
(3) Uterine factors
(4) Cervical factors
(5) Vaginal factors
(6) Immunological factors
(7) Rapid weight loss - ovulation disorder
(8) Frequent alcohol consumption - root cause of infertility
(9) Coffee - affects fertility
(10) Disordered lifestyle - difficulty conceiving
(1) Anovulation: The following factors can disrupt ovarian function, leading to anovulation.
a. Ovarian disorders, such as congenital ovarian dysgenesis, polycystic ovary syndrome, premature ovarian failure, functional ovarian tumors, and endometriotic ovarian cysts.
b. Hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian dysfunction, causing anovulatory menstruation or amenorrhea.
c. Systemic diseases (e.g., severe malnutrition, hyperthyroidism), which impair ovarian function and result in anovulation.
(2) Tubal factors: This is the most common cause of infertility. The fallopian tubes are responsible for transporting sperm, capturing sperm, and delivering the fertilized egg to the uterine cavity. Any factor that affects these functions can lead to infertility. For example, fallopian tube malformation (excessive length, curvature, weakened muscle contraction, loss of ciliary and peristaltic function) or fallopian tube inflammation (caused by gonorrhea, tuberculosis, etc.) can lead to fimbrial occlusion or damage to the fallopian tube lining, resulting in blockage. Additionally, secondary infections from appendicitis or postpartum/operative complications can cause tubal obstruction and infertility.
(3) Uterine factors: Congenital uterine malformations or submucosal uterine fibroids can cause infertility or miscarriage after conception. Endometritis, endometrial tuberculosis, endometrial polyps, uterine adhesions, or poor endometrial secretion can also affect embryo implantation.
(4) Cervical factors: The amount and consistency of cervical mucus are closely related to whether sperm can enter the uterine cavity. Insufficient estrogen or cervical canal infection can alter the quality and quantity of mucus, affecting sperm vitality and penetration. Cervical polyps or fibroids can block the cervical canal, hindering sperm passage, while cervical stenosis can also lead to infertility.
(5) Vaginal factors: Post-vaginal injury adhesions, scars, or congenital conditions like absence of the vagina, transverse vaginal septa, or imperforated hymen can affect intercourse and block sperm entry. Severe vaginal infections can deplete energy substances in semen, reducing sperm vitality and shortening survival time, thus impacting fertility.
Regarding the treatment of these conditions, our hospital specializes in this field. If you have any needs, I recommend visiting us. Finally, I wish you good health.