What are the reasons for menstrual disorders?

Patient's question:

My menstrual flow is very heavy, and it hasn't stopped for many days. It used to be like this often as well. There are many blood clots. My ultrasound shows a normal uterus. What should I do? Additionally, can I have sex during my period?
First follow-up question: Doctor, why can't I use brown sugar? I've been drinking a lot of brown sugar water when the bleeding is heavy, which is wrong? Also, does drinking a lot of water during my period make it heavier?

Doctor's answer:

Excessive menstrual bleeding, or menorrhagia, may be caused by uterine issues or hormonal imbalances.
If the cause is uterine-related, it could be due to uterine fibroids (benign tumors), uterine polyps (excess endometrium), endometritis, or the placement or displacement of an intrauterine device (IUD).
If the cause is hormonal, it is likely due to excessive progesterone. This leads to endometrial thickening, which results in heavy bleeding when the lining sheds.
Teenage girls, women approaching menopause, and those with irregular menstrual cycles often experience this condition. Psychological factors can sometimes prolong the menstrual period, but once the stress is relieved, everything returns to normal.
However, sexual intercourse during menstruation is not recommended to avoid infection.
At the same time, it is generally acceptable to drink brown sugar water. There is usually no significant correlation between menstrual volume and fluid intake during the period.

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